考研英語：快速找到完形填空主線索

　　【摘要】2016考研剩下的時間已經(jīng)不多，在最后的沖刺階段，掌握考場答題應(yīng)試技巧顯示至關(guān)重要，然而對于完形填空題型最重要的還是快速找到文章的主線索?？佳袔蛿y手2016大綱解析人第一時間解讀大綱，點擊免費報名。

　　
　　
　　?順藤摸瓜
　　順藤摸瓜，首先是藤，你拿到文章之后要重點讀第一句，因為第一句是不命題的，它的信息是完整的。具體到作題的時候要瞻前顧后，這就是文章空格的上下文處，你覺得這個地方需要什么詞，帶著這個目的到四個選項里找，哪個項目符合你的要求，這樣成功率比較高。

　　?顧全整體
　　要顧全大局的問題，就是一句話應(yīng)該存在于段落里面，你做一道題的時候不能離開一個段落，同時大家還要注意認清細節(jié)。

　　?合理掌握答題時間
　　完形15分鐘，因為完形是20道題，一道題是0.5分，不能在每一道題花很長的時間，閱讀理解一道題是兩分，所以分配時間的比例，要根據(jù)它的分值來分配，一般是15分鐘，稍微多一點，十六七分，超過了20分鐘，后面就來不及了。所以第一道題要注意一下。完形里面20道題不可能都是難的，做不出來隨便劃一個可以了。

　　?解題步驟
　　1、重點讀文章的首句或首段
　　首句之后的第二句往往也很重要，也可能是總述句的范疇，建議根據(jù)情況重點讀。

　　2、再重點讀每一段的首句

　　3、以上首句之外的分述部分，挑選分述中各句子中的一些重點詞語，如謂語動詞，形容詞、名詞等，進行綜合分析。

　　以上這三個步驟，第一步是核心，由于完型文章大都采用總分對照結(jié)構(gòu)，一般通過文章的首句就已經(jīng)能夠讀出中心主線了；如果有些文章的首句對文章中心主線表現(xiàn)的不是很明確的話，第二和第三個步驟可用來和第一步驟互相配合，進一步明確中心主線。

　　例：2003年完型文章
　　Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can be best 22 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 23, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics.Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background。
　　In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have 34 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37. this does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and byshavingsclearly stated rules。

　　該文章的首句Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. 教師們需要意識到青少年所經(jīng)歷的情緒、智力和身體上的變化。

　　這個首句雖然大體揭示出文章的主題(FOCUS)是有關(guān)青少年應(yīng)對變化的問題，但中心主線，如作者的態(tài)度傾向性等并不是很明確。其實，我們只要在之后的分述部分抓幾個句子的重要詞語，就馬上可以明確這些：
　　分述部分
　　……but not just in ways that emphasize competition……
　　……adjusting to……new intellectual and emotional challenges……
　　……teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition……
　　……there are more winners than losers……
　　……Making friends is extremely important to teenagers……
　　……A variety of activities should be organized……
　　……without feeling guilty……

　　（實習(xí)編輯：趙峰）